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Pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating and chronic mental health disorder present in 0.25–4% of youth internationally. OCD is characterized by obsessive thoughts and/or compulsive behaviors and is linked with significant distress and functional impairment in children and adolescents. Several biological, genetic, social, psychological, and neurological factors have been identified as having implications for the development of OCD in youth. Moreover, pediatric OCD is often observed to be comorbid with other psychiatric disorders in youth, highlighting the importance of comprehensive assessment and attention to differential diagnosis. Researchers of pediatric OCD have developed and validated several self-report and screener instruments (e.g., Short OCD Screener and Child Obsessive-Compulsive Externalizing/Internalizing Scale) as well as interviews (e.g., Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale) determined to be effective at identifying youth at risk for pediatric OCD, diagnosing youth, and charting treatment progress. Several different treatment options have been identified as effective for treating pediatric OCD. Cognitive behavioral therapy with exposure and response prevention is a particularly promising psychotherapy for treating pediatric OCD. There is also evidence supporting the efficacy of pharmacotherapy, specifically selective reuptake inhibitor medications, and combined psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy approaches in reducing symptoms of OCD in youth. This entry provides a comprehensive overview of pediatric OCD, detailing the diagnostic criteria, underlying factors, and common comorbidities associated with the disorder. This entry also emphasizes effective assessment instruments and treatment modalities, as well as cultural considerations and vulnerabilities faced by youth with disabilities. By examining the latest research and clinical practices, this entry aims to provide the knowledge and tools necessary to effectively recognize and understand pediatric OCD and its impact on the lives of youth.

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Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

  • 动态工具书词条

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • BreAnne A. Danzi,
  • Jessica T. Kelly,
  • Emily P. Hermann

摘要

Pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating and chronic mental health disorder present in 0.25–4% of youth internationally. OCD is characterized by obsessive thoughts and/or compulsive behaviors and is linked with significant distress and functional impairment in children and adolescents. Several biological, genetic, social, psychological, and neurological factors have been identified as having implications for the development of OCD in youth. Moreover, pediatric OCD is often observed to be comorbid with other psychiatric disorders in youth, highlighting the importance of comprehensive assessment and attention to differential diagnosis. Researchers of pediatric OCD have developed and validated several self-report and screener instruments (e.g., Short OCD Screener and Child Obsessive-Compulsive Externalizing/Internalizing Scale) as well as interviews (e.g., Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale) determined to be effective at identifying youth at risk for pediatric OCD, diagnosing youth, and charting treatment progress. Several different treatment options have been identified as effective for treating pediatric OCD. Cognitive behavioral therapy with exposure and response prevention is a particularly promising psychotherapy for treating pediatric OCD. There is also evidence supporting the efficacy of pharmacotherapy, specifically selective reuptake inhibitor medications, and combined psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy approaches in reducing symptoms of OCD in youth. This entry provides a comprehensive overview of pediatric OCD, detailing the diagnostic criteria, underlying factors, and common comorbidities associated with the disorder. This entry also emphasizes effective assessment instruments and treatment modalities, as well as cultural considerations and vulnerabilities faced by youth with disabilities. By examining the latest research and clinical practices, this entry aims to provide the knowledge and tools necessary to effectively recognize and understand pediatric OCD and its impact on the lives of youth.