Biomarkers in Systemic Sclerosis

The literature on biomarkers in systemic sclerosis is continuously expanding, similar to other immune-mediated diseases. The scientific approaches to biomarker identification have evolved enormously from hypothesis-led to multiomics unbiased strategies. These latter, particularly when led by reverse translational approaches, e.g., extreme phenotypes of disease, offer the opportunity of identifying biomarkers for disease stratification that are ideal to aid a patient-centered precision medicine approach. Here we summarise the biomarkers in Scleroderma by Nevertheless, despite the growing number of biom often driven by type and sources to aid the reader in understanding this complex literature. It has to be noted that despite the enormous number of biomarkers and relative manuscripts, the field is not progressing as far as diagnostics readily available for clinicians. In this sense, one of the items of the research agenda should be focused on implementing the validation and commercialization approaches to progress biomarker knowledge to clinically available tests.