Single Atom Catalysts for Environmental Remediation

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) represent an advanced class of catalysts that contain well-dispersed metal atoms on a support material. Recent studies have demonstrated the enormous potential of SACs in environmental applications. In addition to the metal atoms, the supporting material also plays an important role in the catalytic properties of SACs. The most commonly employed support material for SACs in environmental applications is the nitrogen-doped carbon due to its active chemoelectrical property, adjustable surface functional groups, porous structure, and eco-friendly nature. In environmental applications, SACs are mostly used as an activator of hydrogen peroxide, peroxymonosulfate and peroxydisulfate, extending the reaction pH limitation from less than 4.0 to a wider range of 4.0–10.0 and generating highly reactive radicals. This chapter briefly discussed the common characterization technics of SACs, the role of supporting materials and focused primarily on the activation mechanisms of common oxidants by SACs. At the end, research gaps and future needs are discussed. Overall, the unique properties and exceptional catalytic performance of SACs offer great potential for addressing the persistent environmental challenges that threaten our planet.