Congenital Deformities of the Lower Limb

It means a complex of dysmorphisms of the cotyloid cavity, of the femoral head, and of the ligamentous capsule apparatus, which can lead, but not necessarily, to subtotal or total loss joint relationships; the dysplastic process, indeed, during ontogenesis, can stop at different stages, creating, depending on the severity, forms of simple joint incongruity, preluxation, subluxation, and actual dislocation. The most frequent abnormality is congenital hip dislocation that, according to the geographical areas, presents a minimum incidence of 1/1000 reaching in some geographic area 5/1000. It is the most frequent skeletal anomaly (73%) followed by clubfoot with a ratio of 4 to 1. It prefers the female sex.