Classification of Osteodysplasia and Dysmorphic Syndromes with Skeletal Involvement

This chapter describes the terminology used in determining the type of osteodysplasia, the incidence of this disease, and their classification. Osteodysplasias are divided into those with a genetic etiology and those determined by exogenous causes. The classification follows an eclectic criterion according to a classification system that varies from one group to another, unifying the various osteopathies in some cases based on the location (craniofacial; articular); anatomopathological criteria (micromelic, rhizomelic, mesomelic dwarfisms, etc.); radiological factors (thickening, rarefying osteopathies, etc.); genetic factors (chromosomopathies); exogenous factors (from teratogenic drugs, alcohol, cocaine); and now linked exclusively to prognosis (lethal osteodysplasias).