A Lean Framework for Developing Circular Business Models

This paper presents a novel framework for developing Circular Business Models based on a strategic approach adopted from lean production. Building on existing theory in both the circular economy and the lean production research domain, the framework was developed from the findings of a longitudinal single case study based on a mixed research design of case study and action research. The research was carried out over a three-year period as part of a larger research project that explored the connection between lean thinking and circular economy. The aim of the research was to help close the gap on the integration of lean and green and to guide academics and practitioners who seek to accelerate the transition to a circular economy.