Defects of Silk Cocoon Shell, Their Main Types and Quantitative Indications

At the current stage of the development of the silk industry in Uzbekistan, measures are being taken on a large scale to increase the size of silk cocoon cultivation and the yield of silk cocoon obtained from a box of seeds. As a result, by using the potential of different silkworm hybrids and improving the technologies of seed incubation, maintenance and preliminary processing of silk cocoons, the yield of silk cocoons obtained from one box of seeds has been increased to 59.0 kg. In this regard, it is important to increase the production of silkworm silk cocoons, which are raw materials for silk production, and to develop technology, methodology and scientifically-based recommendations that ensure the reduction of defective silk cocoons in the silk cocoons. This article provides information on the main types of defective silk cocoons found in mulberry silk worm breeds and hybrid silk cocoons and their quantitative indicators, genetic-selection methods to reduce the share of defective silk cocoons and scientific research aimed at scientifically substantiating the norms of the optimal hygrothermal regime. As a result of the use of the methods presented in the conducted researches, silk cocoon growers can reach the productivity level of industrial silk cocoons by 80–90%, and the share of defective silk cocoons can be reduced to 3–5%. It also provides information about the existence of 14 types of defective silk cocoons, and the reasons for their origin are described in detail.