Study of Pollination Biology of Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) Varieties Belonging to Different Ecological and Geographical Groups in Tashkent Province, Uzbekistan

Analyzing the foreign and local literature, it was found that due to the influence of various unfavorable conditions in apple flowering and pollination processes, pollination is not complete and high-quality. At the same time, the successful implementation of pollination directly depends on pollinating varieties. Since the apple plant is pollinated from the outside, the quality of the pollen of the pollinating varieties and their viability are important. In the harsh continental climate, the viability of pollen of different apple varieties is different, it is necessary to choose the most alternative among them. In many scientific works, special importance is attached to it. Apple is a cross-pollinated fruit, and a high-quality harvest can only be achieved through successful pollination. In terms of cross-pollination of apple varieties and selection of pollinators, Wayne spur, Early June, Red Atlas, Tabistona, Pink Calville, Red Puffy, Khusne Joseph were the best pollinators, while the best pair combinations for cross-pollination were: Aport Deep Red and Tabistona, Wayne spur and Niagara, Wayne spur and Red Atlas, July Red and Wayne spur, Early June and Wayne spur, Red Atlas and Wayne spur, Pink Calville and Large Puffy, Large Puffy and Red Puffy, Richard and Pink Calville were identified. The identification of cross-pollinating cultivars of the cultivars selected for production was studied in our study, and groups of the best and average pollinating cultivars were distinguished.