Aerospace Activities and Scientific Cosmism: Anthropological Context of the Interrelationship

The article investigates the relationship between the philosophy of scientific cosmism and modern aerospace activities from the perspective of their human dimension. The authors argue that both the scientific direction in the philosophy of cosmism of the first half of the twentieth century and modern aerospace activities are largely focused on the research of a human’s place in space and on finding and implementing ways to explore outer space to meet social needs, including expansion of communication opportunities and development of transportation. Although the scientific direction in the philosophy of cosmism was initiated and developed by natural scientists, their anthropological ideas were picked up by researchers from various fields of post-classical science at the turn of the century and acquired new features primarily in modern interdisciplinary sciences.