“A New Awareness”: Movement Speakers, Conferences, and Periodicals
摘要
Before Jimmy Garrett enrolled at San Francisco State, one of the major Black Power organizations responsible for the surge of Black consciousness coalesced in the fall of 1965. Out of a study group in Los Angeles led by Maulana Karenga emerged the influential US Organization. “Anywhere we are, US is.” The organization pledged to serve the interest of us—the Black community. Karenga, the creator of Kwanzaa, served as one of the primary voices that inspired Black campus activists, principally their sense of cultural pride and awareness. While high schooler Robert Lewis labored in the hospital in San Diego recovering from car accident injuries in the fall of 1965, his aunt brought him The Quotable Karenga. This book, widely read by Black youth, particularly on the West Coast, “was talking about black,” Lewis remembered. “It was talking about Black people, concepts, ideas—like I had never heard it being talked about before.” It left such an impression that he became a member of Karenga’s US Organization after his recovery and eventually became an activist at California State University, Northridge, receiving one of the nation’s stiffest sentences for a building takeover in November 1968.