Genioplasty: Methods of Chin Fixation

Stability and precision in chin fixation are crucial for the success of osseous genioplasty, a procedure aimed at improving chin aesthetics and function. This chapter explores various chin fixation techniques, detailing their indications, advantages, disadvantages, and surgical approaches. The goal is to assist surgeons in selecting the most appropriate method for each patient, ensuring long-term stability and reducing complications. Titanium miniplates and screws are widely used for their strength, reliability, and ease of application. They provide excellent mechanical stability, allowing precise chin repositioning, but may sometimes lead to issues such as hardware palpability or the need for removal due to infection. Customized titanium plates developed through 3D imaging and virtual surgical planning, oJer exceptional precision and individualized contouring, though they come at a higher cost and require more preoperative planning. Resorbable fixation systems present an alternative, especially for patients preferring nonpermanent solutions, as these systems degrade over time and eliminate the need for hardware removal. However, they may provide less stability in cases requiring significant chin movement. Bicortical screw fixation oJers strong support for larger chin advancements but demands technical expertise and carries a higher risk of nerve injury. In cases involving substantial augmentation or poor bone quality, interpositional bone grafts may provide additional stability. The choice of fixation method depends on factors such as the extent of chin movement, bone quality, and patient-specific goals. A tailored approach is key to achieving stable and aesthetically pleasing outcomes in osseous genioplasty.