Distraction Osteogenesis

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a surgical technique that has revolutionized the treatment of complex conditions in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. By harnessing the body’s natural healing capabilities, DO facilitates the generation of new bone and soft tissue, making it a valuable tool for craniofacial surgery, orthognathic surgery, and alveolar ridge augmentation. However, the success of DO is contingent upon careful planning, precise surgical execution, and meticulous postoperative management, as the technique is not without its challenges and complications. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of DO, encompassing its historical development, biological principles, techniques and procedures, common complications, prevention, and management strategies, as well as current research and future directions in the field. By tracing the roots of DO from ancient times to its modern applications, the chapter highlights key contributors and milestones that have shaped the technique into what it is today.