Aggregation of Nighttime Light Imagery, Remote Sensing Indices, and Network Analysis to Detect Probable Illegal Dumpsites in Regina and Surrounding Areas

Illegal dumping activities are identified as a major global issue during recent years due to their adverse environmental and health impacts. The current study developed an illegal disposal site (IDS) identification algorithm by aggregating nighttime light (NTL) satellite imagery, remote sensing (RS) indices, and geographical information system (GIS) network analysis. This algorithm was applied in division no 6 in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Among all four detected potential IDS, three of them were located in the western edges of the city of Regina with an intensified road network and no landfills in the neighborhood. Travel time evaluation showed that no populated points are in the proximity of 15 min from the centroids of potential IDS. All IDS were laid over railway routes which connected the city of Regina and the northwestern, northeastern, and western areas. Potential IDS was also evaluated regarding the location of reserve lands. IDS site’s location analysis concerning neighboring populated points and reserve lands indicates that IDS 3 should be carefully monitored due to its potential environmental and health impacts. It is believed that higher travel times from populated points to IDS might reduce the risk of illegal dumping activities. Results of this study indicate that not only detection of IDS is important but also its accessibility and coverage by neighboring populated areas should be carefully considered.