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Climate change impacts pose a great threat to achieving the Sustainability Development Goals (SDG) of zero hunger and no poverty, particularly in developing countries. This is because most of the people in these countries carry out agricultural activities that mainly employ the Green Revolution’s technological package entailing numerous oil-derived inputs and fuels that have a direct impact on soil degradation and properties, crop productivity, and deforestation. Moreover, the burning of agricultural waste and the non-technical use of agrochemicals increase the generation of greenhouse gases. In relation to chemical fertilization, without technical recommendations based on soil nutrient analysis and crop needs, and without considering the traditional knowledge of farmers, numerous studies have concluded that chemical fertilizers directly impact the salinization of soil, decrease soil microbial activity and bacterial diversity, increase leaching, and generate greenhouse gases. In addition, this commodity is linked to fluctuations in international oil prices; therefore, chemical fertilization is a limiting factor with great impact on agricultural productivity and production costs in developing countries. The objective of this chapter was to carry out an analysis of traditional practices-based fertilization options such as composting, vermicomposting, bokashi, and biofertilizers developed with regional residues such as coffee pulp, filter mud, ash, biosolids generated by wastewater treatment plants, excrement from livestock farms, and other by-products and wastes. The work was supported by a review of state of the art of production techniques of organic amendments used at local scale and the use of official analytical techniques to assess quality and nutritional content, in order to show that agricultural production with techniques (composting) that make use of local wastes could improve the sustainability of crops and the well-being of the growers. The results establish that with the nutritional composition of organic fertilizers obtained as Nature-based Solutions (NbS) it is possible to reduce or wholly or partially replace chemical fertilizers and indirectly decrease greenhouse gas emissions at the regional level.

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Organic Amendments as Strategies in Traditional and Conventional Agriculture in Developing Countries

  • 工具书词条

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Noé Aguilar-Rivera,
  • Ehdibaldo Presa-Parra,
  • Elda del Carmen Fernández-Juárez

摘要

Climate change impacts pose a great threat to achieving the Sustainability Development Goals (SDG) of zero hunger and no poverty, particularly in developing countries. This is because most of the people in these countries carry out agricultural activities that mainly employ the Green Revolution’s technological package entailing numerous oil-derived inputs and fuels that have a direct impact on soil degradation and properties, crop productivity, and deforestation. Moreover, the burning of agricultural waste and the non-technical use of agrochemicals increase the generation of greenhouse gases. In relation to chemical fertilization, without technical recommendations based on soil nutrient analysis and crop needs, and without considering the traditional knowledge of farmers, numerous studies have concluded that chemical fertilizers directly impact the salinization of soil, decrease soil microbial activity and bacterial diversity, increase leaching, and generate greenhouse gases. In addition, this commodity is linked to fluctuations in international oil prices; therefore, chemical fertilization is a limiting factor with great impact on agricultural productivity and production costs in developing countries. The objective of this chapter was to carry out an analysis of traditional practices-based fertilization options such as composting, vermicomposting, bokashi, and biofertilizers developed with regional residues such as coffee pulp, filter mud, ash, biosolids generated by wastewater treatment plants, excrement from livestock farms, and other by-products and wastes. The work was supported by a review of state of the art of production techniques of organic amendments used at local scale and the use of official analytical techniques to assess quality and nutritional content, in order to show that agricultural production with techniques (composting) that make use of local wastes could improve the sustainability of crops and the well-being of the growers. The results establish that with the nutritional composition of organic fertilizers obtained as Nature-based Solutions (NbS) it is possible to reduce or wholly or partially replace chemical fertilizers and indirectly decrease greenhouse gas emissions at the regional level.