Payment for environmental services (PES) might be one of the Nature-based Solutions (NbS) used to minimize climate changes and the loss of biodiversity. The purpose of this chapter is, firstly, to present a theoretical framework on PES as an NbS. Secondly, to discuss the environmental externalities of recyclable waste management, pointing out paths for material circularity. Thirdly, to show the potential of PES to both reduce environmental pressures on ecosystems and promote the inclusion of waste pickers in selective waste collection, identifying the environmental services that such workers provide in contributing to the integrity of environmental resources and biological diversity. Next, it presents the Brazilian history of policies to recognize the work of waste pickers and the legislation initiatives that apply the PES to waste management, considering the services provided by the waste pickers. And finally, it discusses the Bolsa Reciclagem Program, as a practical example, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, for the socio-productive inclusion of scavengers, using PES principles for the management of recyclable waste, with a view to environmental conservation and in recognition of the environmental services provided.