Mangrove forests serve as critical natural barriers that contribute to coastal protection, nutrient cycling, and the sustenance of aquatic estuarine ecosystems, while also supporting coastal livelihoods in tropical regions. Additionally, these ecosystems play a significant role in enhancing food security by providing habitat and breeding grounds for various marine species. However, despite their ecological and socio-economic importance, mangrove biodiversity is rapidly declining worldwide, primarily due to anthropogenic pressures such as deforestation, land conversion, pollution, and unsustainable resource extraction. Beyond these human-induced threats, mangrove forests face increasing risks from habitat degradation and rising sea levels, which further endanger their survival. This chapter, through a secondary literature review, examines how mangroves function as a nature-based solution (NbS) to aid in forest restoration, mitigate flood and landslide impacts, enhance drought resilience, and protect coastal areas from cyclones and salinity intrusion. The scope of this study is to explore the distribution patterns of mangrove abundance and how these ecosystems align with NbS strategies. Additionally, the chapter will focus on the diversity and ecological functions of mangroves in the Sundarbans, a globally significant mangrove region. The study will adopt a multi-scale approach, investigating how sea level rise and coastal erosion contributes to mangrove depletion and assessing the potential for long-term conservation and restoration strategies to safeguard these vital ecosystems. Mangrove forests play a crucial role in safeguarding coastal cities such as Abidjan and Lagos in West Africa; Sundarbans, Bangladesh; Mumbai and Karachi in South Asia; Wenzhou in East Asia; Cebu and Denpasar in Southeast Asia; and Miami, USA, and Cancun, Mexico. These natural barriers help protect local populations from the impacts of cyclones and flooding, reducing property damage and enhancing resilience against extreme weather events each year. Nature-based solutions (NbS) encompasses strategies for protecting, sustainably managing, and restoring natural ecosystems or modified landscapes to effectively address societal challenges while simultaneously promoting human well-being and biodiversity conservation. These approaches are rooted in the benefits of healthy ecosystems, ensuring that nature-driven interventions provide adaptive and long-term solutions to pressing environmental concerns. NbS play a pivotal role in tackling critical global challenges, including climate change adaptation and mitigation, disaster risk reduction, food and water security, biodiversity loss, and human health. By leveraging nature’s ability to regulate and sustain ecological processes, NbS serve as a foundational strategy for promoting environmental sustainability while supporting economic growth and community resilience.