Contribution of Nature-Based Solutions to Climate Change from the Perceptions of Urban Forests in Chiapas, Mexico
摘要
In Mexico, urban green spaces have been little studied, as in Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas. The current population is 604,147 inhabitants (2020). The city and metropolitan area require attention due to their rapid growth. Problems of air pollution, reduction of green areas, and water scarcity have increased. Nature-based solutions can support in solving these problems, as well as in mitigating climate change. However, the success of nature-based solutions requires the collaboration of stakeholders. This work considers the perceptions of inhabitants and authorities regarding the trees on avenues in the city, which are part of the so-called urban forests by FAO (Directrices para la silvicultura urbana y periurbana. http://www.fao.org/3/b-i6210s.pdf , 2016). In 2017, the perceptions and knowledge of 400 inhabitants (56% men; 44% women) from a sample of 20 neighborhoods in the city were collected. In 2023, municipal authorities were interviewed to complement the information. The diversity of trees mentioned was 57 species, and their uses, problems associated with management, and interests in the care of avenue trees were obtained. Ecological benefits such as CO2 capture, social, and cultural values were mentioned to a lesser extent. An anthropocentric view of trees prevails. It is necessary to continue promoting an ecological assessment of the set of trees as an urban forest. However, 70% of those surveyed are willing to collaborate collectively in the care of trees. Authorities and inhabitants recognize the need for more green spaces for recreation and sports. The results obtained in this work can support proposals for environmental education and planning for the current and future management of urban forests considering the approach of nature-based solutions and climate change mitigation.