Developing Predictive Equations for the Self-Centering Response of Beam-Column Connections with Steel Angles and Shape Memory Alloy Bolts

This paper presents the development of predictive equations for the self-centering response of moment-resisting connections equipped with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) bolts and steel angles. First, three-dimensional finite element models are developed in ANSYS. The analysis is validated using experimental results for seven beam-column connections. Using a design of experiments approach, a statistical sensitivity analysis of the cyclic response is performed to identify factors with significant effects. Next, a response surface study is presented to develop predictive equations for characterizing the cyclic response of steel beam-column connections with SMA bolts and steel angles. A confirmation study indicates acceptable accuracy of the developed equations for predicting the cyclic response of the SMA-based connections. The predictive equations can be used for developing computationally efficient models in the analysis and design of SMA-based connections and moment frames. This study also highlights the promising self-centering response of the newly developed SMA-based connections. Based on the results, deep beams should not be used to avoid possible early bolt fracture.