A Review of the Application of Hybrid Models in Flood Risk Assessment Methods

Transportation networks, which are vital to society’s function, are vulnerable to extreme events like floods. Under the influence of climate change, the intensity and the frequency of these food events are increasing globally at an alarming rate. These events result in a series of flood impacts and associated cascading effects, which reduce the overall resilience of the road network. Flood risk assessment methods, which are applied to analyze these impacts are almost always associated with hybrid methods/models, which improvise the overall assessment methodology and impact quantification. The present article is a short review of the hybrid models like GIS-based models, cellular automata, traffic simulation, and input–output models, which are the most applied in the flood assessment methods. Of these models, GIS-based models have wide range of applications and depict the impacts in spatial scale. The Calgary floods of 2013 is used to display the spatial impact and flood prone/risk areas.