Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures for Smart Bio-imaging Devices

Biological imaging, or bio-imaging, is a precise way to acquire information about organisms using various imaging instruments and post-processing methods. Essentially, it is defined as a visualizing method that permits the recording of data from biological specimens or the noninvasive identification of biological processes. Minimizing disruption to biological processes is the aim of bio-imaging. Nanotechnology offers a chance to improve the efficiency of existing bio-imaging instruments and develop entirely new ones. Here, we discuss the architecture properties, benefits, and drawbacks of the carbon-based agents used in the majority of popular medical imaging modalities, such as fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray computed tomography, ultrasound, and nuclear imaging: positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography. Also, using often-researched instances, their applications in each imaging modality are addressed. Multifunctional nano-platforms will be the subject of future studies to tackle safety, effectiveness, and therapeutic potential. Practical work might benefit substantially from functionalized carbon nanostructures such as functionalized nanocarbon used as radiographic imaging methods.