Ex-Situ Remedies
摘要
Ex-situ remedies refer to treatments that use natural hydraulic gradients or pump-and-treat methods to remediate mine drainage or developed plumes off-site; these include anoxic limestone drains, permeable reactive barriers, constructed wetlands, and gravel bed reactors. The following chapter delves into each of their technologies in terms of their removal principles, research trends, and identified literary gaps.