Macronutrient intake during adolescence plays a crucial role in growth, development, and long-term health. This review examines the dietary patterns and nutritional needs of European adolescents and highlights the challenges of achieving a healthy, balanced diet. The text emphasizes the importance of early nutritional interventions during childhood and adolescence, considering the risk of non-communicable diseases and metabolic disorders associated with unbalanced macronutrient intake. In this context, energy (im)balance and its consequences on body mass are discussed. The chapter highlights the course for effective public health strategies, systemic change, and targeted nutritional policies to promote healthy eating behavior and reduce the risks associated with an unbalanced diet in adolescents.