The world faces serious challenges in maintaining public health due to vector-borne diseases like dengue, malaria, and Lyme disease. Essential minerals like zinc, magnesium, and iron are necessary for proper immune function and cellular responses to infection; still imperfections in these minerals can impair immune responses and potentially worsen disease severity. To prevent pathogen development, the host uses nutritional immunity, a vital defensive mechanism, to restrict the availability of vital minerals like iron and zinc. Leishmaniasis, dengue, and malaria are examples of vector-borne illnesses that take use of host nutrients to survive and spread. Understanding the function of dietary immunity in these illnesses might give insights into innovative therapy options. To improve patient outcomes and lessen the impact of vector-borne illnesses, this assessment will investigate the potential function of mineral supplementation. An extensive analysis of the impact of mineral supplementation on immune response in illnesses carried by vectors was carried out. Included were important research on magnesium, iron, and zinc. The analysis indicated that taking zinc supplements showed potential in boosting immune function in persons with vector-borne infections including malaria and dengue. Magnesium has also been connected to enhanced cellular defense systems. Iron had a more complicated function than that, though, as excess or deficiency may both make the condition worse. Supplementing with minerals, especially zinc and magnesium, may help improve health conditions in vector-borne illnesses; however, further study is required to establish the best doses and long-term impacts. Supplementing with minerals might be viewed as an additional therapy option, particularly for those with established deficiency.