Proximal Humeral Fractures

Proximal humerus fractures are one of the most frequent fractures in adults. Multiple classification systems and prognostic predictors make the selection of the appropriate treatment quite challenging. Although the majority of these fractures can be treated conservatively, the remaining can be treated with either percutaneous or open reduction and internal fixation, intramedullary nailing, or arthroplasty. Given the epidemiological importance of this pathology, the aim of this chapter is to describe the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and indications of both conservative and surgical management for proximal humerus fractures.