Base of Thumb Fractures

First metacarpal fractures occur most frequently at the base. Base of thumb fractures can be classified as intra-articular and extra-articular fractures. There are three types of intra-articular fractures: Bennett, Rolando, and comminuted fractures. Bennett fractures are the most common type of thumb fracture. Historically, base of thumb fractures was treated conservatively; however, due to the reported poor outcomes, surgical treatment is now recommended. There are several treatment options for these fractures, including close reduction with percutaneous fixation, open reduction, and internal fixation or external fixation. It remains a matter of debate whether there is any superiority of either surgical option since all techniques have been reported with satisfactory clinical results and a low rate of complications. The decided method of treatment must comply with the basic principles of anatomical reduction for fractures involving the joint and reconstitution of rotation, length, and angulation for the extra-articular ones.