Hallux Deformities

The hallux valgus (HV) is a common deformity that describes a static subluxation of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint characterized by lateral deviation of the first toe and medial deviation of the first metatarsal. There is a higher prevalence of HV in females. Usually, non-surgical treatment is the first option to manage the symptoms. If this treatment fails, surgical treatment should be considered. The correction should be done with a first metatarsal osteotomy in addition to other gestures like the adductor tendon release or Akin osteotomy. In the case of severe HV, arthrodesis is indicated. In the last two decades, all procedures have benefited from the emergence of minimally invasive surgery (MIS). MIS allows performing osteotomies, like Bosch or chevron osteotomies, through minimal incisions under C-arm control. These techniques proved to be safe and effective methods, with radiological and clinical outcomes being comparable to that of open procedures. Hallux varus is most commonly seen following iatrogenic complications of hallux valgus surgical correction, but it has also been described as congenital as well. It develops due to an imbalance between the bone, tendon, and capsuloligamentous structures that leads to a progressive medial deviation of the big toe.