Foot and Ankle Biomechanics

Biomechanics is the study of human motion. It is important when determining what causes injuries and therefore how we can prevent them from reoccurring. Normal biomechanics of the foot and ankle are important to the normal function of the lower extremity. Proper arthrokinematic movement within the foot and ankle influences the ability of the lower limb to attenuate the forces of weight bearing. Inadequate distribution of forces could lead to abnormal stress and eventual breakdown of connective tissue and muscle. This chapter is a review of the anatomy of the foot and ankle and biomechanics. It also gives a comprehensive evaluation of foot alignment in non-weight-bearing and weight-bearing positions.