Complications

Complications can be divided into three categories: related to device, related to tracheoesophageal puncture, independent of the device and tracheoesophageal puncture. These complications often occur simultaneously in the same patient, therefore requiring more complex solutions than simply replacing the voice prosthesis. In some cases, surgery is necessary, e.g., surgical procedure to widen a narrow stoma, in other cases closure of the fistula should be performed. This is why it’s important to prevent the predictable during total laryngectomy surgery: “a stitch in time saves nine,” as the saying goes.