This chapter discusses the technical, environmental, and life safety requirements for HVDC converter stations and the impact they may have on developing converter station layouts. Consideration is given to the possible HVDC converter station technology solutions (LCC, VSC), configuration (back-to-back, monopole, bipole, etc.) and location (onshore, offshore). Each converter station site has its own unique set of parameters and constraints that will impact the layout. This chapter is not meant to define specific layouts but rather to provide awareness of specific requirements and provide suggested value-added solutions that can be implemented during the early development stages, to benefit maintenance and operations throughout the life of the HVDC converter station.