Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) refers to a chronic inflammatory disease state affecting the nose and paranasal sinuses where the associated inflammation results in hyperplastic mucosa known as polyps. Patients often present with nasal obstruction, decreased olfaction, frequent infections, and facial pressure. While CRSwNP appears the same in patients, there are many different underlying etiologies. Understanding the various possible causes of CRSwNP is key to successful long term management. Treatment of CRSwNP usually requires multimodal therapy, employing careful and comprehensive surgery followed by long term medical management.