Interoperability in Measuring the Degree of Maturity of Smart Cities

Digitization has caused the transformation of people’s lives, companies, societies, and the surrounding nature that make up growing nuclei known as Smart Cities. This concept is considered a system of many systems, which implies a high complexity and maturity difficult measurement. Although there are currently various tools for measuring the maturity of Smart Cities described in the literature, these methodologies are updated in most cases every year to introduce new indicators when those considered outdated are discarded to maintain the precision of measuring the degree of maturity of Smart Cities. After reviewing the literature on Smart Cities and their evaluation methodologies, the lack of indicators designed to measure the interoperability of digital systems has been identified. In this sense, the main result of this research is a proposal for a group of indicators (KPIs) or category for the measurement of interoperability that a list of indicators present in the literature, in high-impact journal articles, screening the reason for the selection and its convenience in measuring the degree of interoperability of companies, institutions, and public–private consortia in a Smart City. This study proposes indicators to measure the degree of interoperability of industrial companies within the fourth Industrial Revolution of comprehensive digitization in Smart Cities.