Optimal Location Selection of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations and Capacitors in Radial Distribution Networks Using GJO Algorithm

Electric vehiclesElectric vehicle (EVs) will beOptimal theCapacitor primary modeRadial distribution network ofAlgorithms transportation in the future due to their low greenhouse gas emissions and sustainability. It is also becoming more and more well-liked because of its reduced maintenance requirements, enhanced performance, and zero carbon footprint. After a set amount of driving, EVs must recharge or swap their batteriesBattery at electric vehicle charging stationsElectric vehicle charging station (EVCSs)/EV battery storage systemsBattery storage system (EVBSSs) because their batteriesBattery have a low specific energyEnergy. To overcome EV limitations, it is necessary to integrate the EVCS/EVBSSs at various locations in theRadial radial distribution networkRadial distribution network (RDN) with proper planning and good infrastructure. Since EVs draw powerPower from the RDN during batteryBattery charging and store the electrical energyElectrical energy as chemical energyEnergy, the EVCS is considered a loadLoad. Installation of EVCS causes variationVariation in powerPower flow in the RDN. RDN's performance is impacted as the use of electric vehiclesElectric vehicle grows. The primary issue is the deterioration of the RDN as a result of an inappropriate EVCS position. It leads to a rise in active power lossActive power loss, deterioration in voltage profileVoltage profile, poorer networkNetwork dependability, and a drop in voltageVoltage stabilityStability margin. The RDN has a connection to the charging station and collaborates with the distribution networkDistribution network reactive powerReactive power compensator to reduce the EVCS's impact. To discover the optimalOptimal location of capacitorsCapacitor and EVCS in 33-bus and 69-bus RDNs, a new nature-inspired Golden Jackal OptimizationOptimization (GJO) algorithmAlgorithms was used. The findings encourage researchers to incorporate reactive powerReactive power compensators in the RDN at the appropriate locations and sizes to reduce the impact of EVCS loadLoad on various execution parameters.