Approaches for Sensor Surfaces Modification

Nanosensors are nanoscale devices that measure physical quantities and turn them into detectable and processed signals. Generally, these nanosensors exhibit variable sensitivity. This sensitivity has a strong relationship with the specificity, price, and longevity of the sensor that it corresponds to. So, for improving the performance of the sensor, surface modification is crucial. Functional surface modification not only improves the sensitivity but also removes the undesired particles ensuring the effective reactivity between the sensor surface and substrate of the specified application area. Currently, nanotubes, nanorods, and nanowire-based nanosensors are extensively used in biomedical, machinery, agricultural, and detection purposes. For boosting their performances, researchers are working on how their surface characteristics can be modified. Based on their noble work in this field, this chapter will be discussed the types of nanosensor surfaces and their application-based modification techniques in detail. Also, current complications regarding this research and their future potentialities will be included.