Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures Based on Metal–Organic Framework/Graphene-Derived Materials

As a porous crystalline material, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) offer individual characteristics such as large porosity, huge specific surface area, and morphological properties with controllable pore structures. Nevertheless, the weak electrical conductivity and poor MOFs stability restrict their wide applications. Graphene or chemically modified graphene, due to the sufficient functional groups and electric, thermal, and mechanical features, can be considered an ideal carbon-based material for further functionalization and application. Functionalization of graphene or chemically modified graphene with well-defined MOFs layers can not only overcome the weak stability and faulty MOFs conductivity but also prevent the restacking phenomenon and accumulation of graphene sheets, considerably increasing the application scope of both graphene and MOFs. This modification significantly extends their application especially in the electrochemistry field. Moreover, it can act as an adjustable precursor because of the tunable composition and structure for design of various novel nanostructures with unique structures, indicating their individual features and huge potential for use in many electrochemical applications. Therefore, due to the importance of the topic, this chapter discussed exhaustively the current synthesizing methods of graphene or chemically modified graphene/MOFs and their derivatives, and their utilization in the energy storage/conversion systems with a comprehensive analysis of relationship between structure and property.