Congenital Heart Disease

Congenital heart disease (CHD) encompasses a wide range of structural abnormalities in the heart and mediastinal vessels present at birth. Errors during embryonic cardiac development can lead to CHDs like atrioventricular canal defects, double outlet right ventricle (DORV), and Tetralogy of Fallot. CHD affects nearly 1% of US live births, with substantial healthcare costs. Imaging plays a pivotal role in CHD management, with TTE as an initial diagnostic tool in childhood. Cardiac CT and MRI are valuable for complex cases. Specialized centers with expertise in adult congenital heart disease care are recommended for better outcomes as patients transition into adolescence and adulthood. CHD is a complex condition with diverse pathophysiological mechanisms and significant epidemiological implications. Advanced imaging techniques, prenatal screening, and multidisciplinary care are essential components in improving outcomes for CHD patients.