Imaging in the Evaluation of Children with Suspected Craniosynostosis

Craniosynostosis is the premature fusion of one or more skull sutures. This results in deformity of the calvarium, which is one of the clinical manifestations of this pathology. These deformities follow certain predictable clinical characteristics depending on the suture(s) involved. The clinical manifestations range from cosmetic deformity to increased intracranial pressure placing the patient at risk for cognitive, visual, and hearing impairment [1, 2]. Craniosynostosis may be broadly grouped into syndromic and non-syndromic. Exact etiology is not fully understood although several genes have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of syndromic cases [3–6].