Micro- and Nanotechnologies in Nerve Repair

Neurological impairments present a formidable clinical challenge, distinguished by the intricate structure and functions of the nervous system. The differentiation between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS) underscores the complexity, with the PNS being more susceptible to injuries, resulting in a significant clinical burden. Nanotechnology and nano-based materials offer promise for peripheral nerve regeneration (PNR), particularly due to the regenerative potential of Schwann cells. Traumatic injuries, surgical complications, congenital defects, and diseases contribute to peripheral nerve injuries, with the severity of the injury affecting the recovery process. Innovative nanotechnology-based strategies hold potential to address these challenges, impacting patient outcomes. Recognizing the global clinical concern of incomplete recovery from PNIs is crucial, making nanotechnology an evolving field with significant potential. Nano-scaled solutions are increasingly vital across various sectors, offering substantial potential for advancing PNI treatments and diagnostics. Engineered nanomaterials enhance interactions with biological systems at the molecular level, improving solubility, stability, and biomolecule delivery.