Nanotechnology in Brain Tumors: Neurosurgical Perspectives

Introduction: In the era of modern neurosurgery, minimally invasive procedures have become the main goals in the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors. Nanotechnology promises new methods in this field. Nano-Pathophysiology: The blood–brain barrier and glymphatic pathway play a significant role in the nanotechnology-based management of brain tumors. Nanotechnology for Imaging of Brain Tumors: In tumors such as glioma, it is very important to determine the exact margin of the tumor for surgery. Iron oxide and gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, and photoacoustic methods in MRI have been used for this purpose. Pharmacologic Interventions: Polymer nanoparticles, Liposomes, and Dendrimers have been used for pharmacological treatments in brain tumors. Conclusions and recommendations: Recent advances in nanotechnology have brought accurate and effective diagnostic and treatment methods in the management of brain tumors. However, these methods are rapidly evolving. Nanoknives are among them.