Systematic Review and Meta-analysis in Developing Countries: Achievements and Challenges

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have emerged as valuable tools for evidence-based decision-making and research synthesis in developing countries. Despite facing challenges such as limited access to literature, language barriers, heterogeneity of study designs, and resource constraints, these research methods have achieved significant milestones. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have successfully identified healthcare priorities, assessed intervention effectiveness, and informed policy and practice in developing countries. They have played a crucial role in addressing research gaps, enhancing knowledge transfer, and promoting capacity building. These methods have also optimized resource allocation, addressed equity considerations, and contributed to health system strengthening efforts. To further enhance their utilization, several recommendations can be implemented. These include strengthening research capacity through training programs, fostering collaborations and networking among researchers, improving access to literature and promoting open science practices. Engaging stakeholders, addressing data gaps and quality issues, and promoting context-specific research are also crucial. Additional recommendations involve supporting funding opportunities, promoting mentorship and knowledge transfer, encouraging mixed-methods approaches, and establishing partnerships with international organizations. Ethical considerations, dissemination beyond academia, empowering local stakeholders, and ensuring long-term sustainability are also essential aspects to consider. Implementing these recommendations will foster the integration of systematic reviews and meta-analyses into decision-making processes, research initiatives, and policy formulation in developing countries. These research methods will continue to play a pivotal role in improving health outcomes, addressing health disparities, and guiding resource allocation to meet the unique challenges faced by developing countries.