The persistent increase in global wood charcoal production over the past three decades documents the steadfast relevance of this resource in many parts of the world. In 2023, 59 million tonnes (Mt) of wood charcoal were produced worldwide, up from 30 Mt. in 1993, and the highest on record so far according to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). However, the production and trade practices along the charcoal supply chain are mainly undocumented despite their significance to environmental sustainability and public health. In this chapter, we discuss the qualitative findings of our original fieldwork from over 15 sites in UgandaUganda visited in October 2017 and October 2021, which include rural areas; two key urban areas, Kampala and Entebbe; and four main shore communities of Lake Victoria, Gaba, Mulungu, Luzira, and Kasenyi. The global charcoal supply chain is primarily sustained by the unwaning market demand for charcoal as an energy commodity and in the metallurgical industry, with Africa as both a major producer and exporter. However, as natural vegetation becomes scarce, and with the sporadic distribution of heterogeneous raw materials, we found that charcoal producers in Africa are increasingly becoming nomads, continuously moving to areas with trees to meet the growing charcoal demand. Additionally, charcoal producers use the waste from forestry and land-use change for raw materials. Nonetheless, this requires nomadic travel, which may include prolonged stays in remote areas. The broader socioeconomic benefits of charcoal production, such as employment and government tax revenue, have been acknowledged in previous literature. Here, we review nomadic charcoal production as an occupation as well as the operational challenges faced by producers who travel for work and adopt this periodic migration as a lifestyle. Furthermore, we highlight the everyday practices of raw material procurement and the common skills for charcoal production, including the cross-district trade and transportation of charcoal in a highly informal marketplace. Our recommendations show that the pursuit of alternative raw materials for charcoal, such as agricultural and organic household waste, which are also relatively ubiquitous, would reduce the necessity of tree cutting for the use of logs as the predominant source of charcoal while still offering economic advantages, such as employment. In addition, we propose reforestation and the use of waste logs during forest harvest cycles instead of freshly cut trees to mitigate the environmental degradation from charcoal production, especially where producers do not have legal ownership of the land where they work.