This chapter examines the impact of toxic leadership on mental well-being in workplaces across Africa, with a particular focus on the challenges posed by entrenched power dynamics, underdeveloped policy frameworks, and weak legal enforcement mechanisms. Despite growing discourse on leadership and employee well-being, many African organizations continue to struggle with leadership styles marked by manipulation, intimidation, and emotional abuse. These toxic behaviors contribute to declining morale, increased burnout, high turnover, and overall organizational dysfunction. Mental health in the workplace remains a largely neglected area, with limited scholarly literature and policy engagement to inform sustainable interventions. Using a pragmatic approach grounded in real-world experiences, this chapter unpacks the root causes and manifestations of toxic workplace cultures across both public and private sectors. It critically explores the legal implications of failing to address such toxicity, including organizational liability and the erosion of employee rights. While some African countries have introduced workplace regulations to combat harassment and promote employee well-being, enforcement remains inconsistent. The chapter underscores the urgent need for context-specific mental health strategies, leadership accountability frameworks, and robust legal protections. By breaking down the drivers of toxicity and highlighting their consequences, the chapter aims to support the development of healthier, more resilient, and ethically sound organizational environments across the African continent.