Sexual harassment and sexual assault remain pervasive global issues that transcend geographic, cultural, and socioeconomic boundaries, posing significant challenges to individual dignity, safety, and equality. This chapter critically examines the prevalence and psychological impact of sexual misconduct, with a particular focus on the Indian legal framework designed to address and prevent such violations. Drawing from international conventions, India’s national legislations, and landmark Indian judicial decisions, the research explores how the Indian legal system responds to the complex realities of sexual violence, including issues of consent, power dynamics, institutional accountability, and victim protection. It also analyzes the limitations of current legal approaches, such as underreporting, evidentiary burdens, and sociocultural stigmas that hinder access to justice. Through a multidisciplinary lens incorporating gender studies, criminology, and legal analysis, the chapter argues for more survivor-centric laws, enhanced enforcement mechanisms, and educational initiatives to foster a culture of respect and zero tolerance. The chapter concludes by recommending comprehensive legal reforms and policy interventions in the Indian context that align with human rights standards and promote justice, equity, and long-term societal change.