This exploratory chapter delves into the intricate occupational and cultural fabric of tribal communities in Palghar, Maharashtra—a region characterized by its rich indigenous heritage and complex socio-ecological dynamics. Through a qualitative ethnographic lens, the study seeks to understand how traditional knowledge systems, ecological interdependence, and emerging socio-economic pressures are shaping the evolving livelihoods of Adivasi groups namely Warli, Kokna, and Katkari. These communities have historically drawn sustenance from forest-based activities, subsistence farming, artisanal crafts, and seasonal migration—practices deeply embedded in their ecological surroundings and cultural narratives. The chapter explores how such livelihoods are being challenged, adapted, and revitalized in the face of land alienation, policy interventions, and youth migration. By documenting lived experiences, community voices, and local strategies of adaptation and resistance, the chapter aims to generate contextual insights that enrich the larger discourse on tribal livelihood resilience, cultural continuity, and the implications of development in indigenous geographies. The study contributes nuanced, grounded perspectives that can inform more inclusive and culturally sensitive approaches to tribal development and sustainability.