This chapter investigates the interplay between migration, regionalization, and global inequality. Migration is both a response to and a driver of global disparities, shaped by factors such as armed conflict, economic hardship, political repression, environmental disruption, and family reunification. These varied causes give rise to diverse patterns of mobility—international and internal, voluntary and forced, and regular and irregular—each shaped by political classifications that influence access to rights and protection. The present study provides an overview of major migration corridors, including East-to-West, South-to-North, and South-to-South flows and offers a comparative examination of regional migration regimes, including the European Union’s legally binding free movement system, ECOWAS’s phased but uneven implementation, MERCOSUR’s inclusive rights-based framework, ASEAN’s limited sectoral approach, and the GCC’s citizen-exclusive mobility regime. The chapter critiques the stratification embedded in these regimes, which often privilege high-skilled or intrabloc migrants while marginalizing low-skilled or nonmember migrants. The analysis concludes that while regional governance frameworks improve migration management, they often reinforce rather than dismantle global hierarchies. Through this lens, migration is revealed not only as a demographic and economic phenomenon but as a mirror of global power relations embedded in legal regimes and institutional design.

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Global Migration, Regionalization, and Global Inequality

  • M. Akif Kirecci

摘要

This chapter investigates the interplay between migration, regionalization, and global inequality. Migration is both a response to and a driver of global disparities, shaped by factors such as armed conflict, economic hardship, political repression, environmental disruption, and family reunification. These varied causes give rise to diverse patterns of mobility—international and internal, voluntary and forced, and regular and irregular—each shaped by political classifications that influence access to rights and protection. The present study provides an overview of major migration corridors, including East-to-West, South-to-North, and South-to-South flows and offers a comparative examination of regional migration regimes, including the European Union’s legally binding free movement system, ECOWAS’s phased but uneven implementation, MERCOSUR’s inclusive rights-based framework, ASEAN’s limited sectoral approach, and the GCC’s citizen-exclusive mobility regime. The chapter critiques the stratification embedded in these regimes, which often privilege high-skilled or intrabloc migrants while marginalizing low-skilled or nonmember migrants. The analysis concludes that while regional governance frameworks improve migration management, they often reinforce rather than dismantle global hierarchies. Through this lens, migration is revealed not only as a demographic and economic phenomenon but as a mirror of global power relations embedded in legal regimes and institutional design.