This chapter examines the multifaceted nature of gender inequality in the United States, focusing on the interplay of educational attainment, pay disparities, and the unequal distribution of care work. Despite women’s advancements in education, surpassing men in the attainment of bachelor’s degrees, persistent pay disparities and the disproportionate burden of care work continue to hinder their economic progress and overall well-being. The chapter explores the complex causes of these inequalities, including occupational segregation, gender discrimination, and deeply ingrained societal norms. Additionally, it delves into the mental health implications of traditional gender roles and expectations for both men and women. Through a comprehensive analysis of these interconnected issues, the chapter highlights the urgent need for policy interventions and societal shifts to promote gender equity. Key recommendations include promoting pay transparency, strengthening antidiscrimination laws, investing in affordable childcare, encouraging men’s involvement in care work, and challenging harmful gender stereotypes in education and media. By addressing these systemic challenges, the chapter advocates for a more just and equitable society where individuals of all genders can thrive.