Young Malaysians today navigate an increasingly challenging socioeconomic landscape, characterized by rising economic inequality, youth unemployment, soaring housing costs, stagnant wages, limited social mobility, and cuts to education funding. Despite these pressing concerns, they remain largely disengaged from decision-making processes and exhibit lower levels of political participation compared to older generations. While extensive research in Malaysia has examined political inequalities between different age groups (intergenerational disparities), there remains a significant gap in studies exploring variations within the youth demographic itself. This paper seeks to address this gap by analyzing intragenerational inequalities in youth political activism across different social backgrounds. Utilizing survey data, this chapter examines disparities in political participation in conventional, unconventional, and online forms of engagement and assesses how factors such as age, education, gender, ethnicity, and the rural-urban divide shape these differences. The findings reveal significant inequalities in youth political activism, demonstrating that while young people have the potential to strengthen Malaysia’s democratization process, disparities in their social backgrounds constrain broader political engagement.

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Intragenerational Inequalities in Youth Political Participation in Malaysia

  • Norhafiza Mohd Hed

摘要

Young Malaysians today navigate an increasingly challenging socioeconomic landscape, characterized by rising economic inequality, youth unemployment, soaring housing costs, stagnant wages, limited social mobility, and cuts to education funding. Despite these pressing concerns, they remain largely disengaged from decision-making processes and exhibit lower levels of political participation compared to older generations. While extensive research in Malaysia has examined political inequalities between different age groups (intergenerational disparities), there remains a significant gap in studies exploring variations within the youth demographic itself. This paper seeks to address this gap by analyzing intragenerational inequalities in youth political activism across different social backgrounds. Utilizing survey data, this chapter examines disparities in political participation in conventional, unconventional, and online forms of engagement and assesses how factors such as age, education, gender, ethnicity, and the rural-urban divide shape these differences. The findings reveal significant inequalities in youth political activism, demonstrating that while young people have the potential to strengthen Malaysia’s democratization process, disparities in their social backgrounds constrain broader political engagement.