Crime and criminality have proved to be a problem of age within the social sciences in that any knowledge about crime and criminality in Africa is a product of imperialism imposed by Western methodologies and theories. Seminal work of the two traditions, “idealism and materialism which in contemporary society feature as liberalism and Marxism” argues that “liberalism is hegemonic and fully elaborated on in social sciences” among the two idealisms. This is where criminology in Africa continues to be based on. The hegemonic explanators frameworks deployed in various institutions and used to influence policy are endemic in these institutions, thus resulting in a “crisis in epistemology.” This crisis is encouraged by the refusal of knowledge makers to adopt the South’s epistemologies and thus rely on the West’s epistemologies without reviewing their relevance or applicability to the African continent. There has been engagement with this Western dominance by scholars located in the South. Thus, this chapter seeks to review pivotal works by various scholars and to chart a way forward toward decolonial liberation criminology in Africa. The chapter is divided into the following epochs. First, a historical overview of criminology in various parts of Africa is traced. This discussion critiques criminology’s current state or status in different parts of Africa. Then last, an extensive discussion of the terrain which the criminology of Africa should follow, subdivided into various components, delved into to give a composite view of what decolonial or liberation criminology should look like in African context.