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In our rapidly changing world, the way we interact and build our relationships with others is profoundly connected to how we relate to work and experience (un)employment. The lack of work has profound impacts on individuals’ daily existence and on social life in general. The meaning of unemployment varies and depends, namely, on the prevailing model of employment and the strategies designed to preserve it (Baxandall, Constructing unemployment: the politics of joblessness in East and West. Ashgate, Aldershot, 2004). Unemployment should not be viewed as a unique, unchangeable notion but instead as a “social construction” embedded in different historical, political, and spatial circumstances (Demazière, La Sociologie du Chômage. La Découverte, Paris, 1995; Maruani, Reynaud, Sociologie de l’Emploi. La Découverte, Paris, 1999; Whiteside, Social Policy & Administration 48(1): 67–85. https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12032 , 2014). This chapter shows that, in advanced capitalist societies of the twenty-first century, unemployment should be perceived as a “social status” in itself. Being unemployed refers to a set of rights and responsibilities that have to be fulfilled such as being involuntarily excluded from the labor market/not working; being involved in active job search; and being available for work and in close contact with a public employment office. These features represent all new sorts of risks for the individual and have implications for the society widely considered.

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Unemployment in the Twenty-First Century: Constructing a “Social Status” Through Public Intervention

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Carla Valadas

摘要

In our rapidly changing world, the way we interact and build our relationships with others is profoundly connected to how we relate to work and experience (un)employment. The lack of work has profound impacts on individuals’ daily existence and on social life in general. The meaning of unemployment varies and depends, namely, on the prevailing model of employment and the strategies designed to preserve it (Baxandall, Constructing unemployment: the politics of joblessness in East and West. Ashgate, Aldershot, 2004). Unemployment should not be viewed as a unique, unchangeable notion but instead as a “social construction” embedded in different historical, political, and spatial circumstances (Demazière, La Sociologie du Chômage. La Découverte, Paris, 1995; Maruani, Reynaud, Sociologie de l’Emploi. La Découverte, Paris, 1999; Whiteside, Social Policy & Administration 48(1): 67–85. https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12032 , 2014). This chapter shows that, in advanced capitalist societies of the twenty-first century, unemployment should be perceived as a “social status” in itself. Being unemployed refers to a set of rights and responsibilities that have to be fulfilled such as being involuntarily excluded from the labor market/not working; being involved in active job search; and being available for work and in close contact with a public employment office. These features represent all new sorts of risks for the individual and have implications for the society widely considered.