A Conceptual Model for the Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Safety and Dependability

For battery energy storage systems (BESSs) and their critical components, it is important to be planned, designed, manufactured, installed, and operated/maintained to ensure long-term safety and reliability. Such life cycle consideration is important here, as due consideration early in the life cycle could minimize future operational, maintenance, and renewal efforts. This results in improved performance, and lower risks and total costs. However, all these life cycle stages are often managed separately. Accordingly, the relevant international standards and industry guidelines are still applied without the whole life cycle consideration. Unlike such common approach, this conceptual model has been developed at the strategic level to apply these standards and guidelines in unison. The main goal is to maximize BESS safe and reliable operations that, in turn, ensure the safety and dependability (e.g., reliability) of the whole electric power transmission system. A conceptual model proposed in this entry for large-scale BESS is generally based on international standards and industry guidelines. Such model could assist with the BESS strategic planning over its life cycle based on the risk management, dependability, maintenance and asset management standards, and international consensus on the relevant key performance indicators.