Foot and Ankle Tendinopathies

Foot and ankle tendinopathies are a diverse group of disorders with various etiologies, clinical presentations, and treatments. Some, such as tendinopathy of the peroneal and tibialis posterior tendons, are common and can be seen in both non-athletic individuals and athletes. Others, such as tendonitis of the flexor hallucis longus, are diseases that specifically affect a type of population, in particular some athletes. Diagnosis is based on a careful history and detailed clinical examination and investigations. Initially, treatment should be conservative (relative rest and modification of physical activity, use of rehabilitative exercises, immobilization, and analgesics). If non-surgical treatment fails, there are various therapeutic options, including tenosynovectomies, tendon repair, and tendon transfer. This work aims to analyze causes and types of tendinopathy, excluding the Achilles tendinopathy that is well described in other chapters in this work, and to summarize the diagnosis and the possible therapeutic options of those tendinopathies.